{"id":19339,"date":"2024-03-04T15:31:39","date_gmt":"2024-03-04T15:31:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/?p=19339"},"modified":"2024-03-04T15:31:39","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T15:31:39","slug":"courthouse-news-service-federal-judge-mostly-upholds-arizona-proof-of-citizenship-voting-laws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/courthouse-news-service-federal-judge-mostly-upholds-arizona-proof-of-citizenship-voting-laws\/","title":{"rendered":"Courthouse News Service: Federal judge mostly upholds Arizona proof-of-citizenship voting laws"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"excerpt\">\n<p><em>While the judge allowed the laws to stay on the books, she did strike down certain provisions, including those requiring voters to put their birthplace on registration forms.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.courthousenews.com\/author\/joe-duhownik\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">JOE DUHOWNIK<\/a>, COURTHOUSE NEWS SERVICE, MARCH 1, 2024<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>PHOENIX (CN) \u2014 Arizona can require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship to vote in federal elections, a federal judge ruled this week.<\/p>\n<p>The ruling comes three months after a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courthousenews.com\/trial-begins-over-arizona-voter-registration-laws\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bench trial<\/a>\u00a0over the constitutionality of two Arizona\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.azleg.gov\/ars\/16\/00121-01.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">voting laws<\/a> requiring county recorders to cancel the registration and investigate the citizenship status of voters who haven\u2019t provided proof of citizenship. On Thursday, U.S. District Judge Susan Bolton ruled these requirements don\u2019t violate the National Voting Rights Act, nor do they impose an undue burden on the right to vote.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19340\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19340\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-19340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-04-at-10.16.21-AM-300x199.png\" alt=\"Federal judge mostly upholds Arizona proof-of-citizenship voting laws \" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-04-at-10.16.21-AM-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-04-at-10.16.21-AM-1024x679.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-04-at-10.16.21-AM-768x509.png 768w, https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-04-at-10.16.21-AM-1536x1018.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Screenshot-2024-03-04-at-10.16.21-AM-2048x1358.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19340\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An election worker verifies a ballot on a screen inside the Maricopa County Recorder&#8217;s Office, Nov. 10, 2022, in Phoenix. (AP Photo\/Matt York, File)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>A coalition of voting rights groups, led by Mi Familia Vota, sued the state in 2022 over the two laws:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apps.azleg.gov\/BillStatus\/BillOverview\/76970\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">House Bill 2492<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apps.azleg.gov\/BillStatus\/BillOverview\/76698\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">House Bill 2243<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>While documentary proof of citizenship for state elections has been required since 2005, these laws extended the requirement to federal elections as well. Bolton, a Bill Clinton appointee, blocked the laws from taking effect for the duration of the trial.<\/p>\n<p>Arizona is the only state that requires proof of citizenship to vote.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/team\/ceridwen-cherry\/?swcfpc=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ceridwen Cherry<\/a>, legal director of the nonprofit <a href=\"http:\/\/www.voteriders.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VoteRiders<\/a>, called the investigation requirement \u201cvoter intimidation.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAdding anything that could lead to fear of legal prosecution, that is just going to dissuade voters,\u201d she said in a December interview. \u201cNaturalized citizens are the most likely to experience voter confusion and voter intimidation.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The plaintiffs collectively argued that the laws are nothing but a \u201cbaseless attack\u201d on voting rights based on unfounded claims that noncitizens are committing mass voter fraud. There have been only two convictions of noncitizens voting in Arizona\u2019s history, according to court documents.<\/p>\n<p>Derek Lyons, president of the nonprofit Restoring Integrity and Trust in Elections, countered that the laws are meant to instill confidence in election security.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJust because there aren\u2019t prosecutions doesn\u2019t mean these things are not happening,\u201d Lyons said in a January interview. \u201cSurvey data suggests that noncitizen voting happens more frequently than people would want to believe.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To back up this argument, Lyons cited a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcommons.odu.edu\/politicalscience_geography_pubs\/11\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2014 voter fraud study<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 though he admitted the study was\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/news\/monkey-cage\/wp\/2016\/10\/19\/trump-thinks-non-citizens-are-deciding-elections-we-debunked-the-research-hes-citing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">debunked<\/a>\u00a0by the Washington Post because its results were extrapolated from too small a data set.<\/p>\n<p>The plaintiffs also claim that the laws are targeted specifically at Latino voters, who are less likely to have documentary proof of citizenship and are more likely to be naturalized citizens.<\/p>\n<p>Bolton rejected that argument.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPlaintiffs did not show that the Arizona Legislature enacted the Voting Laws because of any impact on minority voters or naturalized citizens,\u201d she wrote in the order.<\/p>\n<p>Lyons insists that most everyone has the required documents and that those that don\u2019t should have no trouble accessing them.<\/p>\n<p>Cherry called that a \u201cwide misconception.\u201d\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.voteriders.org\/analysis-millions-lack-voter-id\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A study VoteRiders conducted in 2020<\/a> found that 12% of voting age Americans didn\u2019t have a valid driver\u2019s license, while 6% didn\u2019t have that or a valid passport. Black and Hispanic people were twice as likely as white people to not have either document.<\/p>\n<p>While it\u2019s known that around 7% of U.S. citizens lack ready access to proof of citizenship, the plaintiffs failed to demonstrate the number of voters the laws will affect, Bolton wrote in her opinion.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNor did plaintiffs show that naturalized citizens or people of color are more likely than their White counterparts to lack DPOC,&#8221; or documentary proof of citizenship, she wrote. \u201cAssuming all of Arizona\u2019s federal-only voters did not possess DPOC at the time of registration, this would account for less than half a percent of the state\u2019s registered voters.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Bolton also rejected the argument that obtaining proof of citizenship could be overly burdensome for low-income voters. While obtaining a new naturalization certificate, for example, costs upwards of $500, Bolton reasoned that one need only provide an immigration number if they can\u2019t access a certificate. Further, because 82% of Arizona Latinos are native born, they would only need to pay up to $35 for a new birth certificate.<\/p>\n<p>Although Bolton upheld the laws in general, she did strike down certain provisions, including those requiring voters to include their country of birth, requiring proof of residence and subjecting naturalized citizens to different checks than native-born citizens. These rules violated the Civil Rights Act or the National Voting Rights Act, she found.<\/p>\n<p>Lyons would have liked to see the birthplace requirement stay, arguing against that birthplace is relevant to citizenship.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you write that you were born in the country, then you\u2019re a citizen,\u201d he said. \u201cSo, it&#8217;s easier to confirm your citizenship. If you weren\u2019t born here, then we need more documentation from you. If you weren\u2019t born here, and you don\u2019t have those documents, then it&#8217;s more likely that you aren\u2019t a citizen.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think we would all agree we would want noncitizens to be removed from our voting roles,&#8221; Lyons added.<\/p>\n<p>Like the plaintiffs, Cherry argued that birthplace has \u201cabsolutely no connection\u201d to their citizenship.<\/p>\n<p>Arizona Attorney General Kris Mayes, a Democrat, declined to comment on the ruling. Other parties did not respond to requests for comment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>While the judge allowed the laws to stay on the books, she did strike down certain provisions, including those requiring voters to put their birthplace on registration forms. JOE DUHOWNIK, COURTHOUSE NEWS SERVICE, MARCH 1, 2024 PHOENIX (CN) \u2014 Arizona can require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship to vote in federal elections, a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":19340,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[165],"tags":[294,328],"class_list":["post-19339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-voteriders-in-the-news","tag-arizona","tag-voteriders","state-az"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Federal judge mostly upholds Arizona proof-of-citizenship voting laws<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Arizona is the only state that requires proof of citizenship to vote. 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